Printing Method & the Progress

Lithography Process, Bohemia 1796 (pic) 
invented by Alois Senefelder in Bohemia 
Oil based ink (more durable)
Lithography as a manual process is based on the repulsion of oil and water. 
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JHw5_1Hopsc

Steam Press, Germany 1814 (pic)
invented by German printer Friedrich Koenig 
first to design a non-manpowered press 
(hand press connected to a steam engine)
capable of 1,100 impressions per hour
the first use was for the first edition of The Times in London in 1814

Rotary Press US 1833 (pic)
Invented by Richard M. Hoe (US) 
Applyed ink with a rotative cylinder
Good for printing on continuous rolls of paper
Allowed millions impressions of a page in a single day.

Also, in the middle of the 19th century 
development of Jobbing Presses
Small presses capable of printing small-format pieces such as: 
billheads, letterheads, business cards, and envelopes.

Chromolithography France, 1837
invented by Godefroy Engelmann 
Multi-color printing process, one separate stone for each colour

Linotype Machine, 1883-86

Offset Lithography, 1903
inked image is transferred (or “offset”) from a plate to a rubber blanket, then to the printing surface
using lithographic process(repulsion of oil and water)
the offset technique employs a flat image carrier
the image to be printed obtains ink from ink rollers and the non-printing area attracts a water-based film, keeping the non-printing areas ink-free.