The Arts & Crafts Movement 1860-1910

Reformist movement against victorian decoration & bad tast
Inspired by John Ruskin, main practitioners were William Morris, Charles Rennie Mackintosh, Frank Lloyd Wright.

William Morris 1834-1896, England
architect, furniture and textile designer, artist, writer
Born in North London
art should be affordable, hand-made
Favoured a return to hand-craftsmanship, raising artisans to the status of artists. 
The Kelmscott Press (pic) 1891, London, 
books are inspired by the incunabula

Charles Rennie Mackintosh 1868-1928, Scottland
architect, designer, and watercolourist. 
Glasgow, the fourth of eleven children
met future wife/artist Margaret MacDonald at the Glasgow School of Art
main exponent of Art Nouveau in the United Kingdom.

Frank Lloyd Wright 1867-1959, America
architect, interior designer, writer and educator
born in Richland Center, Wisconsin
promoted organic architecture (exemplified by Fallingwater), 
original and innovative examples of many different building types, including offices, churches, schools, hotels, and museums.